Bank and otheb lock



UNITED SATES FTE T QFFICE.

\V. JOHNSON, OF MILWAUKEE, VISCONSIN.

BANK AND OTHER LOCK.

Specification of Letters Patent No. 20,716, dated June 29, 1858.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WILLIAM JOHNSON, of the city and county ofMilwaukee, in the State of lVisconsin, have invented certainImprovements in Bank and other Locks; and I do hereby declare that thefollowing is a full and exact description thereof, reference being hadto the accompanying drawings, and to the letters of reference markedthereon, in all the figures of which like letters and marks indicatelike parts.

To enable others skilled in the art to make and use my invention, I willproceed to describe its construction and operation.

Of the drawings Figure l, is an isometrical view of the lock whenunlocked; Fig. 2, is a' top view of the lock when the bolt is thrownout; Fig. 3, is a transverse section; Fig. 4f, a longitudinal section;Fig. 5, a top view of the tumblers in their frame; Fig. 6, a side viewof the tumblers and their pivot, and Fig. 7 is a View of the tumblerswhen acted upon by the key, one side of the frame not being shown.

In each of these figures wherever so marked, A, indicates the case ofthe lock; B, the main bolt; C, the frame of the tumblers; E, the slidingbridge-plate; Gr, the sliding guard-plate; H, the handle of .the wrenchor bolt-key; K, the handle of the tumbler-key; L, an angular lever; M,rocking-stump or thrust-plate; P, pivot of the. tumblers; R, R, two camsor studs on the inner end of the stem of the wrench or boltkey; S,tumbler-key socket; T, the tumblers, which are numbered from l to S.

B indicates the plate attached to the bolt; a, an elongated pin securedto the angular lever L, and extending over the tumblers; b, an uprightpiece connecting plates E and G; g, a pin or stud attached to the end ofsliding plate E; k, marks the slot in the tumbler-key socket and alsothat in the sliding guard-plate G, for the passage of the tumbler-key;Z, marks the screw which affixes the angular lever L, to the plate ofthe case of the lock; s, s, slots in sliding bridge-plate and inbolt-plate; s', s2, pins for guiding these plates and fitting into theslots here named; t, slits in the ends of the tumblers for thethrust-plate M; and, u, guide plates between the tumblers.

It will readily be seen that, a lock constructed as is indicated bythese several marks of reference on the drawings has full and ampleprovisions against being picked or being forced by pressure on the endof the bolt; and this lock, therefore, is a perfeet security lockagainst the ordinary attempts of burglars. It will, also, be noticedthat no springs are used in this lock, and that while on this account itis more difficult to pick by feeling for the tumblers in the usual wayof lock-pickers, it is, also, less likely to get out of order or itsparts to become deranged.

The leading features of this lock are:

First, that the tumblers are nearly or quite centrally pivoted, lyinghorizontally when the lock is on the door or placed vertically, havingfree play and not controlled or actuated in any way by springs. Hencewhen the bolt is thrown out for locking and the tumblers have beenforced down behind the thrust-plate of the bolt, a pick introducedthrough the slot in the socket and guard-plate might press the one endof the tumblers down and press outward the ends next to thethrust-plate, but no indication could be obtained of the relation of theslits in the tumblers to that plate. The usual way of picking tumblerlocks, therefore, would be unavailable.

Second, in the connection of the key-hole guard-plate to the slidingbridgeplate, which allows of the moving of the two plates by one commonmeans.

Third, in interposing between the tumblers and the bridge-plate anangular lever, which while it depresses the tumblers at the proper timewhen the bolt is thrown out, a'cts as a lever to hold the tumblersagainst the thrust of the bolt when an effort is made to force the lockby pressure on the end of the bolt; and fourth, in so arranging theplate of the bolt with the bridge-plate and the guard-plate, that thethree are operated by a common device and yet have different periods ofmotion.

These distinctive features will each be clearly seen by noticing theoperations of the parts of the lock.

Fig. l of the drawings shows the bolt within the case, or the lockunlocked. The thrust-plate, M, is within the slits of the tumblers, theelongated pin, a, is resting upon the tumblers, the stud, g, of thesliding bridge-plate rests against the frame of the tumblers, and theguard plate and the sliding plate are to their eXtreme inner throw. Theoperative parts of the lock were brought to this position from thatrepresented by Figs. 2 and 4, the locked condition, by the followingmovements. The handle, H, was moved to a slight degree, the one cam orstud, R, moving the bridge-plate and the guard-plate so as to bring theslot of the guard-plate in line with that of the key socket, andrelieving the angular lever, L, from the pressure of the stud, g, of thebridge-plate. During this movement the bolt continued at rest. rlhetumbler-key was then inserted and the slits of the tumblers beingbrought in line with the edge of the thrust-plate, M, the furtherrotation of the handle, H, moved the cam R of the boltplate into itsrecess and thus brought back the bolt. In the movements thus recited itshould be noticed that the tumblers are left by the key in the properposition for the entering of the thrust-plate, M, and so remain, the keybeing necessarily withdrawn to allow the further movements; for whilethe key is in its socket and in the slot of the guard-plate it preventsthe guard-plate being moved, and by the connection of this plate,through the upright piece, Z), prevents the motion of the bridge-plateand the bolt of the lock.

The changing of the lock from its unlocked to its locked condition, asrepresented by Figs. 2 and 4, is accomplished by t-he simple turning ofthe handle, H, toward the Outer end of the bolt, each and everyoperative part of the lock deriving its motion either directly onindirectly from the two cams or studs of the bolt key.

Having thus fully described the construction and operation of myinvention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent isl. Interposing between the key-hole of the lock and the rocking stump orthrust-plate of the bolt, centrally pivoted horizontal tumblers, whichby the act of the key alone are brought into proper position to allowthe unlocking movement of the bolt when the key is withdrawn, the wholebeing constructed and capable of being operated as herein set forth.

2. So connecting the sliding bridge-plate to the sliding guard-platethat the latter shall be moved, to bring its slot in line with theslot-in the socket, by the motions of the bridge-plate, and allowing thebridge-plate motion only when the key shall be withdrawn from thesocket, as herein described.

3. Interposing between the horizontal tumblers and the pin or stud ofthe bridgeplate an angular lever constructed as, and operated by themeans herein described.

4. The arrangement of the bolt-plate with the bridge-plate and theguard-plate, in their relation to each other and to the moving parts ofthe lock, so that while being operarted by the same means they havedifferent periods of motion, as herein set forth.

Milwaukee, June lst, 1858.

WM. JOHNSON.

fitnesses Gr. lV. MYGATT, L. A. Sol-IMIDTNE.

